۞

« Arabica 42 (1995), pp. 165–79; W. Williams, ‘Aspects of the Creed of Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal: A Study of Anthropomorphism in Early Islamic Discourse’, IJMES 36 (2002), pp. 441–63; Merlin L. Swartz, A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism (Leiden, 2002); Richard C. Martin, ‘Anthropomorphism’, EQ, vol. 1, p. 103; Josef van Ess, ‘Tashbīh wa Tanzīh’, EI2, vol. x, p. 341. 7 The first part of this verse states that these words were said by the Bedouins who stayed behind and did not accompany the Prophet on his journey to Mecca. 8 The verse continues: and thus incur sin on account of them without knowing [it]. That is to say, if they unwittingly slew »